General Package of Practices for Tomato
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TOMATO (Lycopersicum esculentum)
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| Temperature | Seed germination | 16-29 0 C |
| Seedling growth | 21-24 0 C | |
| Fruit set (day) | 15-17 0 C | |
| Fruit set (night) & red colur development | 20-24 0 C | |
| Soil Requirement | pH of 5.5- 6.8 | |
| Seed Rate | 400 to 500 g/ha | |
| Seed treatment | Thiram @ 3g/kg of seed to protect from seed born diseases. | |
| Treatment with B. naphthoxyacetic acid (BNOA) at 25 and 50 ppm, gibberllic acid (GA3) at 5-20 ppm and chlorophenoxy acetic at 10 and 20 ppm was found to improve the growth and yield of tomato. | ||
| Sowing season | winter | June - July |
| summer | November | |
| In the hills | March - April | |
| Spacing | winter - 75 x 60 cm | |
| summer - 75 x 45cm | ||
| Seedbed | 60cm wide, 5-6cm long and 20-25cm high. | |
| Fytolon/Dithane M-45 @ 2-2.5 g/lit of water at the time of sowing | ||
| 4-5 leaf stage | Metasystox/Thiodan @ 2-2.5 ml/lit water and Dithane M-45 @ 2-2.5 g/lit water | |
| N: P:K (Kg/ha) | 120:50:50 | |
| Half nitrogen and full P2O5 is given at the time of transplanting and remaining nitrogen is given after 30 days and 60 days of transplanting. | ||
| Pre emergent weedicide | Metribuzin at 0.35 kg/ha, fluchloralin 1.25 kg/ha | |
| During flower emergence | Spray PCPA at 50 ppm, IAA at 50 ppm or borax 1% | |
| PESTS | ||
| Leaf eating caterpillar | Spray Cypermethrin at the rate of 3-4 ml or for Phosphamidon (85 SL) 5 ml per 10 litre of water at the interval of 8-10 days. | |
| Tomato fruit eating catre piller/tomato fruit borer | Spray monocrotophos (36 SL) 5 ml/ 10 litre of water at the interval of 8-10 days. | |
| Trichograma and campoletic chloride as a predator and heliocil as biological control. | ||
| Aphids | Spray dimethoate (30 E.C.) 10 ml/10 litre of water. | |
| DISEASES | ||
| Bacterial fruit spot | Streptocycline (100PPm) or copper fungicides | |
| Tomato leaf curl | Disease is transmitted by whitefly hence to check the whitefly population use insecticides fuadan or disyston @1kg ai/ha or use V-Bind viricide (Organic viricide) | |
| Tomato big bud | Metasystox (0.02%) or nuvacron (0.05%) at ten days intervals to control the insect vector (leaf hopper) population. | |
| Early blight, Late blight, Septoria leaf spot | Mancozeb @ 0.2% , 0.2% Dithane Z-78 | |
| Wilt | 0.1% carbendazim or benomyl | |
| Powdery mildew | Dinocap at 0.1% or Wet sulphur at 0.2% | |
| Bacterial wilt | Streptocycline (1g/40 lit) | |
| Bleaching powder @ 15 kg/ha. | ||
| Anthracnose | Crop rotation is the major control for this disease. | |
| * V-KURE ORGANIC FUNGICIDE & BACTERICIDE (VANPROZ) | ||
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