Root Knot Nematodes in Guava- Damage and Management
Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is one of the important commercial fruits in India. A number of plant pathogens of have been reported to attack guava trees including fungi, bacteria, algae and nematodes.
In recent days the guava crop is suffering the attack of root knot nematodes leading to major crop losses in many guava crop growing areas.
The Organism
In present Guava cultivation a new species of root-knot nematode i.e., Meloidogyne enterolobii is an emerging problem and wide spreading now across the country. Majority of the farmers are growing high density and ultra-high density cropping patterns.
Almost all farmers’ guava fields are invaded by these nematodes causing crop losses. Most of the districts of Andhra Pradesh, Telengana, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh and other states of India.
Symptoms:
Guava plant show above-ground decline symptoms –
- Drastic reduction in plant growth, reduced flowering and fruit setting and finally death of tree in severe infestations.
- Leaves shows bronzing colour on the leaves
- Plant exhibits stunting growth
- Declined yield quality and quantity.
Below ground symptoms-
- Roots with large sized galls.
- Absence of fine white roots, a poorly developed root system.
- Severely infested roots will be distorted by small and large multiple galls.
- Brown colored degraded roots are visible at severely infected roots.
Management of root knot nematodes in Guava trees
Biological control of nematodes may be achieved by application of microorganisms like Trichoderma harzianum and Paecelomyces Lilacinus to the soil every year.
Multiplex Saferoot about 100 gm per tree OR Agri nematode OR PMDC
These fungi will invade the free living root not nematodes Meloidogyne enterolobii in the root zone of guava plants or trees.
- Drenching the plants with Drenching for individual plants/trees of following mixtures at 15 days interval
- First application: Marshal 3 mL/L + V-Hume plus - 3 mL/L + Econeem plus 1 % 2 mL/L of water
- Second application: Danitol - 3 mL/L + Gibrax Phytozyme 3 mL/L + Neemark 1 % 2 mL/L of water
- Through drip irrigation in 500 L of following mixtures at 15 days interval
- First application: Marshal 3 mL/L + V-Hume plus - 3 mL/L + Econeem plus 1 % 2 mL/L of water
- Second application: Danitol - 3 mL/L + Gibrax Phytozyme 3 mL/L + Neemark 1 % 2 mL/L of water
Important Note:
- Above mixtures should be drenched about 3 – 4 litre per tree
- Two to three times each combination
- One after the other at weekly intervals
- Irrigation must not be provided two days before application and after application of the above mixtures.
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